Identifier: essentialsofhea00stow (find matches)
Title: The essentials of health. A text-book of anatomy, physiology, hygiene, alcohol, and narcotics
Year: 1892 (1890s)
Authors: Stowell, Charles H(enry), 1850- (from old catalog)
Subjects: Physiology
Publisher: New York, Boston (etc.) Silver, Burdett & company
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: The Library of Congress

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barely perceptible. In the loweranimals the movements are very extensive. The ear isquickly changed from one position to another to bettercatch the sound coming from any quarter. In theseanimals the ears aid greatly in giving expression. The auditory canal is about an inch or an inch and aquarter in length, and extends from the external open-ing to the middle ear. Near the orifice are a number offine hairs, and farther in are the openings of glandswhich secrete the earwax. Both the hairs and wax arefor the protection of the ear, keeping out small insects,dust, and other foreign bodies. THE SENSE OF I IK A KING. 317 The Middle Ear. The middle ear, or tympanum, ifl anirregular shaped cavity about one half an inch in length,and one fourth an inch from side to side. It is called thedrum of the ear, because it contains air and has a thinmembrane over one part of it which is easily affected bywave sounds. The middle ear, or the drum, is sepa-rated from the auditory canal by a thin membrane,
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Fig. 111. The ear : c, the auditory canal, that leads to the middleear; M, the middle ear, or drum. The tympanic membrane is the curvedwhite line to the left of the letter m; i, the inner ear; N, the auditorynerve going to the brain ; t, the Eustachian tube, leading from the middleear to the upper part of the pharynx. called the tympanic membrane ; this is often called the drum, but incorrectly so, as it is only the thin mem-brane over the head of the drum ; it is elastic, and sothin that it is nearly transparent. A study of Fig. Illwill aid in locating the parts already mentioned. Theexternal ear with the auditory canal, C, is very evident.The middle ear, M, is separated from the outer ear, bya curved white line which represents the tympanic 318 THE ESSENTIALS OF HEALTH. membrane. Directly above the letter M, are three mi-nute bones described below ; the one at the left resemblesa hammer ; the middle one, an anvil; and the one at theright, a stirrup. A tube extends from the middle ea

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